What do lactate-mediated GABAergic effects enhance?

Lactate-mediated GABAergic effects primarily enhance GABA availability and synthesis. This is significant because GABA, or gamma-aminobutyric acid, is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, playing a crucial role in balancing excitatory signals and preventing overactivity of neural circuits. Lactate acts as an energy substrate and signaling molecule in the brain, particularly during metabolic stress or heightened neuronal activity, stimulating the synthesis and release of GABA.

This enhancement of GABA is particularly important in various physiological and pathological conditions, including stroke recovery and rehabilitation strategies, as higher GABA levels can help regulate neuronal excitability and support brain plasticity, which is critical for functional recovery. By influencing GABA availability and synthesis, lactate facilitates an environment conducive to repair and adaptive changes in the brain.